很多考生在多次备战雅思考试不理想后，不禁想问雅思到底要考察什么?考官在设置听力考点信息时，通常都会用同义(近义)替换改写音频中的内容。所以，在雅思听力备考中，要求考生要能够熟悉常见的替换，这样才能准确把握答案。

　　1.替换在填空题中的应用

　　在填空题中，考官会把题目中的已知信息在对话中用替换的形式体现出来，如果不能识别替换，就不能准确定位并写出答案。

　　例题：

　　911 Q1

　　题目：Type of work .......

　　原文：what sort of work is it---washing up? -----it is answering the phone.

　　解析：本题中的type替换成了sort,译为种类。答案为answering the phone.

　　Type=sort=kind

　　922 Q13

　　题目：Reconstruction of a 2000-year-old .......with activities for children

　　原文：Longfield has a modern replica of a farm from over 2000 years ago.

　　解析：本题中Reconstruction= modern replica，答案为farm.

　　832 Q11

　　题目：Well known for .......

　　原文：it is famous throughout the world as one of the major venues for classical music.

　　解析：该题中Well known for=famous，答案为classic music。

　　934 Q 39

　　题目：The use of large quantities of ........in construction was environmental friendly

　　原文：mainly because they had to use massive amounts of concrete.

　　解析：该题中large quantities of=massive amounts of，答案为concrete。

　　10-2-4 Q31

　　题目：Greater..... among companies

　　原文：I am sure a really significant development will be a major increase in competition with companies from all over the world...

　　解析：该题中Greater= major increase，答案为competition。

　　834 Q 37

　　题目：Change.........

　　原文：these involve adjusting attitudes.

　　解析：该题中Change=adjusting，答案为attitudes。

　　2.替换在选择题中的应用

　　选择题中，考官经常会把选项中正确答案的关键词和对话中答案内容进行替换。 所以，选出来正确答案必须能够识别这些替换。

　　842 Q 12

　　It has been decided that the overhead power line will be

　　A. Extended

　　B. Buried

　　C. Repaired

　　原文：I am happy to report that the power company have agreed to move the power lines underground at a cost of $800,000.

　　解析;该题中的move the power lines underground=buried，答案为B。

　　823 Q23

　　What point is made about Australian bee?

　　A. Their honey varies in quality.

　　B. Their size stops them form pollinating some flowers.

　　C. They are sold to customers abroad.

　　原文：In fact, Australia exports native Queen bees to a large number of countries because of this.

　　解析：原文中的export=sold to customers abroad. 答案为C.

　　10-1-3 Q 23

　　The stone in John’s ‘Rockpool’design is used ...

　　A.for decoration

　　B.To switch it on

　　C.To stop water escaping

　　原文：---Instead of pushing a button, you turn the stone.

　　---so it’s really just a novel way of starting the dishwasher.

　　---that is right.

　　解析：原文中的a novel way of starting the dishwasher=switch it on,所以答案为B。

　　综上所述，如果想正确选择出来选择题的答案，一定要能够识别对话中关键词和选项的替换。所以考生在平时练习中一定要加强对替换词的总结。

启德名师王蒙

　　北京启德考培资深雅思培训师

　　所授课程：雅思听力，雅思阅读

　　教研中心教研员 7年一线雅思授课经验

　　英语专业八级 雅思听力9分

　　曾参与译著《剑桥雅思7阅读解析》

　　擅长引导学生把握考官出题思路，从本质出发，解决考试中会出现的失分情况。培养出大量的高分学员;擅长分析学生失分原因，根据学生特点制定学习计划，短期内得到有效提分