上一期我们讲到了详解托福写作中黄金词汇(1)，托福写作能否取得高分主要是看在写作中能否使用高级词汇，下面启德考培是小编为大家整理的托福写作中的黄金词汇，看看你了解多少?希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。

11. Terrific

　　What you think it means: Fantastic, good. 你认为单词的含义是：妙极了，极好的。

　　What it really means: Horrific, to inspire fear. 单词的真正含义是：可怖的，令人害怕的。 This isanother one that we expect will be changed in the dictionary eventually because barely anyoneuses the real meaning anymore. When people say they feel terrific, they mean to say they feelfantastic. An example of something terrific is King Kong. You see a giant monster and itinspires fear. We're going to loop awesome in with this one too. Awesome simply means toinspire awe and people often use it to describe something really good.

　　我们认为这个单词的含义以后也会在词典里重新修订，因为现在几乎没有人会去使用它的真正含义。当人们说感觉terrific(恐怖的)时，他们是指感觉fantastic(好极了)。《金刚》就是典型的terrific(可怖的)例子，因为它是巨怪，让人感到恐惧。在此顺便说说awesome这个单词吧。Awesome是指“让人感到惊惧”，但现在人们用这个词的时候主要是指“某事好极了”。

　　12. Disinterested

　　What you think it means: Bored. 你以为单词的含义是：无趣的。

　　What it really means: Neutral. 单词的真正含义是：中立的。 A good way to remember this oneis that there is a word that means bored and it's uninterested. If you're uninterested, you'rebored. Being disinterested is the long-form equivalent of stating that you don't care aboutsomething.

　　要记住这个单词，有个办法就是别忘了已经有一个单词表示“无趣的”——这个单词就是uninterested。如果你uninterested(不感兴趣)，那自然就“无趣”了。Disinterested是表示“对某事不关心”的一个单词。

　　13. Irregardless

　　What you think it means: Without regard. 你以为单词的含义是：不管怎样。

　　What it really means: Nothing. 单词的真正含义是：它也是不存在的。 Like conversate above, irregardless isn't actually a word. When people say irregardless, they actually mean to sayregardless. Regardless means without regard. Irregardless has been used so often that itactually is in the dictionary now and that's kind of sad. Even though it is technically there, thereare a large number of people who don't consider it a word. You can save yourself a couple ofkeystrokes and a tongue lashing by just using regardless.

　　跟前面的conversate一样，irregardless这个单词其实也不存在。当人们说irregardless时，其实是想说regardless。Regardless是指“不管怎样”。Irregardless一直被频繁使用，所以现在确实也纳入了词典，这可真无奈啊!不过，尽管它在字典里占有一席，但很多人并不觉得它是个单词。既然用regardless就行了，何必还要多敲几下键盘、多发一个音符来费事呢?

　　14. Chronic

　　What you think it means: Severe. 你以为单词的含义是：剧烈的。

　　What it really means: Over the course of a long time. 单词的真正含义是：历时长久的。 This isdefinitely one that people ought to know better. When you have severe pain, it is just severepain. If you have chronic pain, you have been in pain for a long, long time. Chronic conditionsand diseases are called chronic because they won't go away and not because they're overlysevere.

　　人们绝对需要好好了解这个单词的含义。假设你受到剧烈疼痛，那它只是剧烈疼痛而已。如果你有chronic(慢性的)疼痛，那你可得很久很久地承受这疼痛了。慢性状况和疾病之所以是chronic(慢性的)，是因为它们不会消退，而不是说它们极其严重。

　　15. i.e.

　　What you think it means: For example. 你以为单词的含义是：比如。

　　What it really means: In other words. 单词的真正含义是：换句话说。 This is one among anumber of shortened words that confuse people. Here's a quick guide on how to use them. Etcetera is etc., example is ex. or e.g., and in other words is i.e. When you use i.e. you'reessentially putting it there to let people know that you're going to be stating the sameinformation in different words. Here's how it really works. It's June and I moved into my newapartment in April, i.e., two months ago.

　　example(比如)的缩略词是ex.或e.g.，而in other words(换句话说)的缩略词是i.e.。如果你使用i.e.，就表示你在换用不同的词来表述同一个信息。下面就是具体用法：现在是六月，我是四月份搬进新公寓的，i.e.(换句话说)，两个月前。

　　16. Decimate

　　What you think it means: To destroy or annihilate 你以为单词的含义是：毁坏或击败。

　　What it really means: To destroy ten percent. 单词的真正含义是：10%毁坏。 This one is reallygoofy and one day this won't be true. For the time being, decimate actually means removingonly ten percent of something. If you know a little bit about words it's not difficult to figureout. The prefix “dec” means ten. However, the traditional definition of this word isantiquated and it'll probably be changed eventually. Until then, it's technically correct to use aword like exterminate or annihilate instead.

　　这个单词有点别扭，或许以后就没人用了。不过现在而言，decimate是指“只抽取某事物的10%”。如果你稍微了解一点英语构词法的话，这就不难理解了。它的前缀“dec”就是“十”的意思。不过，这个单词的传统定义比较古旧，估计以后会有所改变。但在那之前，最好还是使用exterminate(铲除)或annihilate(歼灭)替代吧。

　　17. Panacea

　　What you think it means: A cure. 你以为单词的含义是：治愈。

　　What it really means: A cure for a lot of things. 单词的真正含义是：万灵药。 This one is easyto confuse because the explanation is virtually the same even if the definitions are vastlydifferent. A panacea is something that cures a lot of things all at once. For instance, penicillinis a panacea. It cures a bunch of diseases. The flu vaccine is not a panacea because it onlyprotects against the flu.

　　这个单词很容易混淆，因为即便定义迥异，解释起来实质还是一样的。Panacea(万灵药)能立刻治愈各种疾病。比如说，盘尼西林就是panacea(万灵药)，它能治疗很多疾病;而流感疫苗就不是panacea(万灵药)，因为它只预防流感。

　　18. Fortuitous

　　What you think it means: Lucky. 你以为单词的含义是：幸运的。

　　What it really means: By chance. 单词的真正含义是：偶然碰巧。 There is a difference betweenluck and chance. Unfortunately, people use the two interchangeably, so much so that it'sdifficult to explain the differences anymore. Lucky is an event that happens by chance that canbe described as fortunate. Winning the lottery is lucky. Fortuitous means simply by chance. For instance if you drop your basketball and it bounces into the road and gets hit by a car, that's a fortuitous instance. It's neutral, so it can be good or bad things that happen bychance.

　　运气和机会是有区别的。可是人们总把它们交互使用，所以很难再去解释其中的区别了。运气是偶然发生的一件事，可以视为“幸运的”。中彩票是幸运的。Fortuitous是指“纯属偶然”。举个例子，假设你没拿住篮球，结果篮球弹到路上击中了一辆车，这就是fortuitous(纯属偶然)。这个单词是中性的，既可以指偶然发生的好事，也可以指偶然发生的坏事。

　　19. Plethora

　　What you think it means: A lot of something. 你以为单词的含义是：很多事物。

　　What it really means: More than is needed. 单词的真正含义是：多余。 This is one I useincorrectly all the time. In fact, I almost used it a couple of times in this very article. Plethorasimply means that there is more of something than is needed. For instance, you may think that 5,000 people is a plethora of people. However, when you put them into a hockey arena thatseats 13,000 people, it's actually less than half capacity and therefore not a plethora. If youhad 13,500 people in that same arena, that would be a plethora of people.

　　这个单词是我总用错的。其实，这篇文章里可能也有几次相关的错误。Plethora是指“再也不需要什么了”。比如，你可能觉得5000人是很多人，但是，如果你把这些人放到能容纳13000人的冰球场，那么人数还不到容量的一半，所以就不能算plethora(多余);如果你把13500人放到那个冰球场，那就是plethora(多余)的了。

　　20. Total

　　Total means exactly what you think it means, but total is used unnecessarily on a frequentbasis. When there is a total of 50 people who do something, the total is 50 whether or not youuse the word “total.” Or you might hear someone say that they were totally surprised. Surpriseis not a conditional emotion. You were either surprised or not. The use of total didn't addanything of value to the sentence. In most cases, the definition is correct but using the wordis repetitive when put in context with the rest of the sentence.

　　Total的含义和你认为的完全一样，但是，total总是被不必要地使用。假设总共有50个人在干活，那么不管你有没有用total这个词，total(总数)肯定就是50。或许你听人说过他们totally(完全)被吓到了。“吓到”并不是一种条件性情绪，你要么被吓到，要么没有。句中添加一个total根本起不到任何意义。在多数情况下，这个单词的定义是正确的;但是，如果把单词放到字里行间就显得重复了。

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