托福阅读最常出现的词汇有以下几个方面：

　　主要名词：science, technology, environment, energy, economy, society, medicine, globalization, etc.

　　动词：describe, analyze, discuss, hypothesis, test, observe, summarize, explain, predict, etc.

　　形容词：important, significant, informative, confusing, surprising, favorable, unfavorable, etc.

　　副词：frequently, frequently, usually, significantly, significantly, remarkably, etc.

　　介词：in, on, about, with, without, from, to, towards, during, during/after, etc.

　　连词：and, but, or, while, as, for, while, unless, until, when, while, etc.

　　冠词：a, an, the, these, those, etc.

　　其他虚词：because, so, while, when, where, how, who, which, etc.

　　以上是托福阅读中常见的一些词汇，考生需要对这些词汇有一定的认识，才能更好地理解文章内容。在实际的阅读练习中，考生还需要积累更多的词汇，并学会在阅读中对词汇进行识别和理解，提高阅读效率和准确性。