【启德考培】环境类话题一直受雅思考官们喜爱，随着近年来环境问题突出，它的出现频次就更高了。相信环境话题大家都不陌生，但是和环境相关的高频词汇，是不是都熟悉或者掌握了呢？今天和小编一起来学习雅思写作里环境类话题的高频词汇吧！

1. Ecological Footprint: 

The impact of an individual or community on the environment, measured in terms of resources consumed.

生态足迹，生态脚印（人类活动对于地球生态系统影响的指标）。名词性短语

2. Biodiversity: 

The variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat.

生物多样性。名词

3. Mitigation:

Actions or strategies to reduce or prevent the harmful effects of human activities on the environment.

减轻，缓和。名词。常见搭配：climate change mitigation 气候变化的减缓， mitigation measure 补救措施，risk mitigation 风险消减

4. Sustainable Development:

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

可持续发展。名词

5. Deforestation:

The action of clearing a wide area of trees.

毁林，滥伐森林。名词。常见搭配：rate of deforestation 森林砍伐率

6. Carbon Sequestration:

The capture and long-term storage of carbon dioxide to mitigate global warming.

碳固定，碳封存。名词性短语

7. Erosion:

The process by which soil and rock are worn away by natural forces such as wind or water.

侵蚀，削弱。名词。常见搭配：water and soil erosion 水土流失

8. Renewable Energy: 

Energy derived from sources that are naturally replenished, such as sunlight, wind, and rain.

可再生能源。名词性短语。

9. Ozone Depletion:

The thinning of the ozone layer in the Earth's atmosphere, often caused by human-made chemicals.

臭氧损耗。名词性短语。近义短语，ozone hole 臭氧空洞

10. Habitat Degradation: 

The deterioration of natural environments where organisms live.

生境退化，名词性短语。

11. Anthropogenic: 

Caused or influenced by human activities.

人类活动引起的，人类起源的。形容词。常见搭配：anthropogenic emissions 人类排放

12. Resilience: 

The ability of an ecosystem to recover from disturbances or shocks.

恢复力，复原力。名词。常见短语：ecological resilience 生态弹性（往往指的是生态系统自我的恢复能力，非人为的修复能力） ecological restoration 生态恢复（往往指的是人类积极干预之后的恢复）

13. Conservation:

The protection and preservation of natural resources and ecosystems.

保护，节约，禁止浪费。名词。常见搭配：water conservation 节约用水，energy conservation 能量守恒，节约能源

14. Acidification: 

The process by which water becomes more acidic due to increased levels of carbon dioxide.

酸化。名词。常见搭配：ocean acidification 海洋酸化

15. Biodegradable:

Capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms.

可生物降解的。形容词。常见搭配：biodegradable plastic 可生物分解塑料

16. Symbiosis:

A mutually beneficial relationship between different species.

共生关系，互惠互利关系。可以指不同种群间的共生关系，也可以指不同族群间的互惠互利关系。

17. Eutrophication:

The excessive richness of nutrients in a body of water, often leading to the depletion of oxygen and loss of aquatic life.

富营养化。名词。通常都是指一些水体的富营养化，例如赤潮现象。常见搭配：lake eutrophication 湖泊富营养化， water eutrophication 水体富营养化

18. Irreversible: 

Impossible to reverse or undo.

不可逆。形容词性。常见搭配：irreversible damage 不可逆损伤

19. Resurgence:

A revival or renewal, often referring to the recovery of a species or ecosystem.

复苏，复兴。名词。常见搭配：economic resurgence 经济复苏

20. Eco-friendly:

Products or practices that do not harm the environment.

对生态有好的，环保的。形容词。